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Exercise:

► Exercise 1

Exercise 2

01. Rajeev buys good worth Rs. 6650. He gets a rebate of 6% on it. After getting the rebate, he pays sales tax @ 10%. Find the amount he will have to pay for the goods. 
A. Rs. 6876.10 B. Rs. 6999.20
C. Rs. 6654 D. Rs. 7000

Answer and Explanation

Answer: Rs. 6876.10

Explanation:
Rebate = 6% of Rs. 6650 = Rs. (6/100) x 6650 = Rs. 399.

Sales tax = 10% of Rs. (6650 - 399) = Rs. (10/100) x 6251 = Rs. 625.10

Final amount = Rs. (6251 + 625.10) = Rs. 6876.10

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02. Two tailors X and Y are paid a total of Rs. 550 per week by their employer. If X is paid 120 percent of the sum paid to Y, how much is Y paid per week?
A. Rs. 200 B. Rs. 250
C. Rs. 300 D. None of these

Answer and Explanation

Answer: Rs. 250

Explanation:
Let the sum paid to Y per week be Rs. z.
Then, z + 120% of z = 550.
z + 120/100 z = 550
 
11/5 z = 550

z = (550 x 5 )/11= 250.

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03. In an election between two candidates, one got 55% of the total valid votes, 20% of the votes were invalid. If the total number of votes was 7500, the number of valid votes that the other candidate got, was:
A. 2700 B. 2900
C. 3000 D. 3100

Answer and Explanation

Answer: 2700

Explanation:
Number of valid votes = 80% of 7500 = 6000.
Valid votes polled by other candidate = 45% of 6000
= (45 / 100) x 6000 = 2700.

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04. Two students appeared at an examination. One of them secured 9 marks more than the other and his marks was 56% of the sum of their marks. The marks obtained by them are
A. 39, 30 B. 41, 32
C. 42, 33 D. 43, 34

Answer and Explanation

Answer: 42, 33

Explanation:
Let their marks be (x + 9) and x.
Then, x + 9 = 56 (x + 9 + x)
100
25(x + 9) = 14(2x + 9)
3x = 99
x = 33
So, their marks are 42 and 33.

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05. Ram started off a business with a very small capital. The first year he earned a profit of 50% but spent 50% of the total for the sake of business. The same was repeated in the 2nd and the 3rd year, and at the end of third year he was left with an amount of Rs.16875. what was he left with at the end of the 2nd year?
A. 16875 B. 22500
C. 30000 D. 40000

Answer and Explanation

Answer: 22500

Explanation:
Let the initial capital be 800x
Hence, in the 1st year the profit was 400x (50% of capital) and the total is 1200x of which 50% is spent. Hence, the remaining (600x) is the capital for the 2nd year.
Similarly, in the 2nd year the profit is (50% of 600x) which is 300x and 50% of the total (50% of (600x + 300x)) i.e. 450x is spent and the remaining 450x is the capital for 3rd year. The profit for the 3rd year is 50% of 450x i.e. 225x and 50% of the total (50% of (450x + 225x)) i.e. 337.5x is spent and the remaining 337.5x is equal to Rs.16875.
Therefore, x = 16875/337.5 = 50
At the end of 2nd year he was left with 450x = 450 * 50 = Rs.22500

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06. Suresh’s salary is 60% more than Ramesh’s salary. Suresh got a 50% increment in his salary while Ramesh got 20% increment. By what percent is Suresh’s salary more than Ramesh?
A. 90% B. 96%
C. 92% D. 100%

Answer and Explanation

Answer: 100%

Explanation:
Initially if the salary of Ramesh is 100, then, the salary of Suresh is 160.
Now Suresh gets an increment of 50%. Therefore his salary becomes 240.
The increment in Ramesh’s salary is by 20% and his salary becomes 120.
Hence, Suresh’s salary is more than Ramesh’s salary by 100%

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07. 3/5th of the voters in Varanasi promised to vote for A and the remaining promised to vote for B. On the day of election, 15% of the voters who had promised to vote for A did not cast their votes while 20% of the voters who had promised to vote for B did not turn up. What is the total number of votes polled if B got 128 votes?
A. 400 B. 240
C. 204 D. 332

Answer and Explanation

Answer: 332

Explanation:
Let total voters be 100x. Hence, 3/5th i.e. 60x promised to vote for A and 40x for B.
15% of 60x = 9x did not cast their vote for A
20% of 40x = 8x did not cast their vote for B
Hence, A got 51x votes and B got 32x votes.
32x = 128
x = 4
Total votes polled is 51x + 32x = 83x = 83*4 = 332

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08. If the population of a city increases by 5 % annually, what will be the population of the city in 2 years time if its current population is 78000?
A. 81900 B. 85995
C. 85800 D. 90000

Answer and Explanation

Answer: 85995

Explanation:
The % change in population of city in two years time is 1.05*1.05 = 1.1025 = 10.25%
Therefore, after 2 years the population of the city will be 1.1025 * 78000 = 85995

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09. The price of a commodity is increased by 15%. By what percent should its consumption be decreased so as to not increase the expenditure?
A. 90% B. 300/23%
C. 100/3% D. 100/11%

Answer and Explanation

Answer: 300/23%

Explanation:
300/23%

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10. When the price of a commodity is increased by x%, then the percent by which the consumption should be reduced so as not to increase the expenditure is given by:
{x/ (100 + x)} * 100 %
For x = 15
(15/ 115) * 100 = 300/23
x% of y + y% of x = ?
A. 2% of xy B. 50% of xy
C. 2xy D. 100% of xy

Answer and Explanation

Answer: 2% of xy

Explanation:
x% of y = x/100 * y = xy/100
Similarly, y% of x = xy/100
Addition of the two gives 2 * xy/100 = 2/100 xy = 2% of xy

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